All about the Nairobi Stock Exchange, USE, DSE, LUSE, GSE, FTSE & KENYA. (Please see disclaimer at the bottom of the page)
Tuesday, January 30, 2007
HFCK-To do a rights issue
Article in the Standard todayhttp://www.eastandard.net/hm_news/news.php?articleid=1143964210. In the short-term, this should see the share price, but it may fall after the rights issue as the NSE absorbs the extra supply of shares. I maintain a BUY on this share despite the high P/E ratio. The housing boom in Kenya continues and will for the foreseeable future. More importantly, I still think that HFCK would be a very good buy for one of the large banks that wants quick access into the mortgage sector.
Monday, January 29, 2007
Another reason to buy into the Safaricom IPO
Imagine being able to do an EBay via your cell! Well according to this article, http://www.economist.com/world/africa/displaystory.cfm?story_id=8597377, they are already doing this in Ghana and Nigeria.
Saturday, January 27, 2007
Overhaul of the power sector
If I was to be asked which economic sector is really in need of overhauling in Kenya over the next 3 years (apart from banking, stockbroking, insurance, agriculture, car, transport to name but a few), i'd say the power sector is. And it would probably be the easiest to do. So what are some of my suggestions:
The pricing issue with KenGen needs to be passed onto the customer-the customer who is also a taxpayer is already paying for this thru the govt covering the shortfall between what KPLC is paying and what it should be paying KenGen. At the moment we are trying to hide the fact that power costs alot to produce in Kenya. This is the reality, so lets pay KenGen in a timely manner so they can continue to reinvest and find cheaper ways of producing more power.
Short-term
KPLC needs to be better at collecting debts especially those owed by the government.The pricing issue with KenGen needs to be passed onto the customer-the customer who is also a taxpayer is already paying for this thru the govt covering the shortfall between what KPLC is paying and what it should be paying KenGen. At the moment we are trying to hide the fact that power costs alot to produce in Kenya. This is the reality, so lets pay KenGen in a timely manner so they can continue to reinvest and find cheaper ways of producing more power.
Medium-term
We should introduce another distributor into the market-either serving certain areas of Kenya or in direct competition with KPLC. We should let KPLC be a private entity-so gove divesture to KQ's level. Of the two, its more important that we have some government conttrol over power generation.Long-term
We must redouble efforts to utilise the most natural of our resources-the sun- to generate enough power. We should go further and require that all buildings-old and new-have the capability to easily hold the solar panels used.
Friday, January 26, 2007
Ngugi wa Thiongo @SOAS 2nd Feb from 6pm
For those who are interested, our pre-eminent author will at the School of African & Oriental Studies in Russell next Friday 2nd from 6pm. Please RSVP to ras_research@soas.ac.uk
Wednesday, January 24, 2007
Sunday, January 21, 2007
Vodafone gives nod to Safaricom IPO
Check this interesting link about the much awaited Safaricom IPO.
http://www.timesnews.co.ke/20jan07/business/buns6.html
http://www.timesnews.co.ke/20jan07/business/buns6.html
Wednesday, January 17, 2007
Dictionary of Banking
Ati a samurai bond is the James Bond of Japan; an IPO-is for Important People Only and insider trading is what people in the office do. Apparently this dictionary http://www.ubs.com/1/e/about/bterms.html will give you the alternative and recognised view.
Tuesday, January 16, 2007
Companies Financial Year Ends
http://www.stockskenya.com/stkcompanydates.aspx All we need now are actual dates when they report their earnings. From FYEs, I'd say most will be around March/April time-an opportunity for a play on timings?
Monday, January 15, 2007
Friday, January 12, 2007
NEW INVESTORS:CHOOSING YOUR INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO
Below link is a guide on how to understanding the company that you want to invest in.
http://www.nairobist.com/mwiki/index.php?title=NAIROBIST_ELIMU_CENTER
http://www.nairobist.com/mwiki/index.php?title=NAIROBIST_ELIMU_CENTER
Wednesday, January 10, 2007
Investment Strategy
One of the tasks we set ourselves to do as club is to come up with an investment strategy so hear goes a first stab at it…
As a general rule it is prudent to ask ourselves:
Which stocks do we want to invest in-which means what are we looking for in stocks we invest in? Share price growth or dividends or both? Stock spilt or bonus share issue?
How many shares? Do we want to buy them all in one go and sit tight or increase our share holding in the particular stock slowly?
At what price?
How long do we want to hold them for?
As 5 year-term investors, the last one is especially relevant. This election year and the NSE will react both to who it thinks the new govt will be and also to who is elected. My current view is that a Kibaki government will be greeted more positively because it promises continuity where another govt will get a wait-and-see reaction for the first few months. However, it is also our first year and it would be good to get off on an ambitious footing. So bearing the need to balance these two imperatives, my suggestion was that we use a 50:40:10 rule on our monthly investments for the first year and review this next year. This excludes any spend on IPOs. So:
50% would be long-term stable shares with good dividends; strong profits possibly market leaders in their sector. We’d typically want to hold these for the next 2/3 years and have clear entry strategy (number of shares, price & timing) and exit strategy (timing and price).
40% would be growth shares where either the company is doing really well profit-wise, strategically or a strong company has recently had a share-spilt which will likely rise. These are stocks whose performance we’d review very closely on month on month basis and require careful research.
10% on speculative moves. This would be cash we could keep free during the month with the option to respond to any event on any stock regardless of its strength. If remaining uninvested, we can reinvest this in the next month. We could also use this 10% to invest in companies that have the potential but there are certain barriers or issues that stand in the way e.g. Kengen, KPL, National Bank of Kenya
On IPOs, my suggestion was that we go for the minimum available-please note as we are treated as a corporate, this is likely to be around 10,000 shares anyway. My reasoning on this is because my experience on IPOs is that refunds are now taking 1 month or 2 after the share has listed. If you also include the 2/3 weeks spent doing the allocation prior to listing, it comes to about 2/3 months when our cash will not be earning us anything.
As a general rule it is prudent to ask ourselves:
Which stocks do we want to invest in-which means what are we looking for in stocks we invest in? Share price growth or dividends or both? Stock spilt or bonus share issue?
How many shares? Do we want to buy them all in one go and sit tight or increase our share holding in the particular stock slowly?
At what price?
How long do we want to hold them for?
As 5 year-term investors, the last one is especially relevant. This election year and the NSE will react both to who it thinks the new govt will be and also to who is elected. My current view is that a Kibaki government will be greeted more positively because it promises continuity where another govt will get a wait-and-see reaction for the first few months. However, it is also our first year and it would be good to get off on an ambitious footing. So bearing the need to balance these two imperatives, my suggestion was that we use a 50:40:10 rule on our monthly investments for the first year and review this next year. This excludes any spend on IPOs. So:
50% would be long-term stable shares with good dividends; strong profits possibly market leaders in their sector. We’d typically want to hold these for the next 2/3 years and have clear entry strategy (number of shares, price & timing) and exit strategy (timing and price).
40% would be growth shares where either the company is doing really well profit-wise, strategically or a strong company has recently had a share-spilt which will likely rise. These are stocks whose performance we’d review very closely on month on month basis and require careful research.
10% on speculative moves. This would be cash we could keep free during the month with the option to respond to any event on any stock regardless of its strength. If remaining uninvested, we can reinvest this in the next month. We could also use this 10% to invest in companies that have the potential but there are certain barriers or issues that stand in the way e.g. Kengen, KPL, National Bank of Kenya
On IPOs, my suggestion was that we go for the minimum available-please note as we are treated as a corporate, this is likely to be around 10,000 shares anyway. My reasoning on this is because my experience on IPOs is that refunds are now taking 1 month or 2 after the share has listed. If you also include the 2/3 weeks spent doing the allocation prior to listing, it comes to about 2/3 months when our cash will not be earning us anything.
Minutes of the Launch Meeting on 07 01 07
This is an abridged version of our minutes-members should have received a fuller version
1) Present:
Tony Maina (Chair)
2) Apologies:
3) Introductions: The meeting began with members introducing themselves. It is greatly appreciated that we have a very diverse club with a variety of professions and different levels of experience in terms of participation in the stock market.
4) Overview: An overview of how we envisioned the investment club to work was given and members invited to ask questions. This also touched on progress made in kicking-off operations. 5) Review of the KCIG Constitution: We reviewed the constitution section by section with amendments suggested for:
Article II (Section 2)-On Club goals: An additional goal was suggested and agreed as follows. To be a value-based network.
Article II (Section 4)-New Members: We can accept new members-subject to the 20 members cap. However as per above, we will need to define what we are looking for in a new member.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Timing-It was suggested that it is very important that members are ON-TIME for meetings as a sign of respect for their fellow members. The club officials were tasked to ensure that meetings are kept to time and adhere to agenda. It was unanimously agreed that the monthly meetings will be held on the first Sunday of every month.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Venue-given the cost of venues, it was suggested that the club could take advantage of the fact that has a ltd company which allows him to get of meeting venues at a lower cost. Njindo will investigate this further.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Tactical meetings: Given the speed at which the markets, it was suggested that club should be able to hold tactical meetings to discuss urgent market developments that require us to act on. The meetings will be conducted via our blog, quick get-together or through email with all members being the opportunity to participate. Will add this to the constitution but will stipulate the need for a quorum.
Article IV (Section 1)-Club dues: It was suggested and unanimously agreed that member’s will set-up a standing order to the club’s bank account to leaving their bank accounts on 30th of each month.
Article IV (Section 2)-Investing conditions: It was suggested that we put a disclaimer on our blogsite attesting to our not being stock market advisers.
Article IV (Section 2)-Investing conditions: It was suggested that all members should have access rights to the blog so they can post their thoughts and to allow the club to it use as the first point of discussion on stocks. We should make this our primary point of discussions on stocks so that we can reduce the amount of time we spend in the formal monthly meetings.
Article IV (Section 3)-Investing accounts: Suggestion that we don’t require weekly accounts. Will hence strike off from the constitution.
Article V (Section 1)-Withdrawal of Interest-It was suggested that the present treatment of benefits for death/legal incapacity is unduly harsh and should be amended to give the beneficiary the right to liquidate former member’s holding or to wait until holding matures. Will amend constitution to reflect this new position.
1) Present:
Tony Maina (Chair)
2) Apologies:
3) Introductions: The meeting began with members introducing themselves. It is greatly appreciated that we have a very diverse club with a variety of professions and different levels of experience in terms of participation in the stock market.
4) Overview: An overview of how we envisioned the investment club to work was given and members invited to ask questions. This also touched on progress made in kicking-off operations. 5) Review of the KCIG Constitution: We reviewed the constitution section by section with amendments suggested for:
Article II (Section 2)-On Club goals: An additional goal was suggested and agreed as follows. To be a value-based network.
Article II (Section 4)-New Members: We can accept new members-subject to the 20 members cap. However as per above, we will need to define what we are looking for in a new member.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Timing-It was suggested that it is very important that members are ON-TIME for meetings as a sign of respect for their fellow members. The club officials were tasked to ensure that meetings are kept to time and adhere to agenda. It was unanimously agreed that the monthly meetings will be held on the first Sunday of every month.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Venue-given the cost of venues, it was suggested that the club could take advantage of the fact that has a ltd company which allows him to get of meeting venues at a lower cost. Njindo will investigate this further.
Article III (Section 1)-Meetings: Tactical meetings: Given the speed at which the markets, it was suggested that club should be able to hold tactical meetings to discuss urgent market developments that require us to act on. The meetings will be conducted via our blog, quick get-together or through email with all members being the opportunity to participate. Will add this to the constitution but will stipulate the need for a quorum.
Article IV (Section 1)-Club dues: It was suggested and unanimously agreed that member’s will set-up a standing order to the club’s bank account to leaving their bank accounts on 30th of each month.
Article IV (Section 2)-Investing conditions: It was suggested that we put a disclaimer on our blogsite attesting to our not being stock market advisers.
Article IV (Section 2)-Investing conditions: It was suggested that all members should have access rights to the blog so they can post their thoughts and to allow the club to it use as the first point of discussion on stocks. We should make this our primary point of discussions on stocks so that we can reduce the amount of time we spend in the formal monthly meetings.
Article IV (Section 3)-Investing accounts: Suggestion that we don’t require weekly accounts. Will hence strike off from the constitution.
Article V (Section 1)-Withdrawal of Interest-It was suggested that the present treatment of benefits for death/legal incapacity is unduly harsh and should be amended to give the beneficiary the right to liquidate former member’s holding or to wait until holding matures. Will amend constitution to reflect this new position.
Steer clear of Mumias Sugar unless govt intervenes
The story in the Nation today http://www.nationmedia.com/dailynation/nmgcontententry.asp?category_id=3&newsid=89215, shows that on top of lacking enough sugar to crush, next will see the co facing very very stiff competition.
Tuesday, January 09, 2007
NSE HITS THE 6000 MARK
The Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) yesterday recorded robust performance with the NSE 20 share index crossing the 6,000 point mark.
In yesterday's trading, the bourse recorded yet another milestone after the NSE hit the 6,000 mark settling at 6,026.51 up 64.05 points from the previous trading session.
This was a major milestone for the bourse with the move coming just a few months after the share index hit the historic 5,000 mark with the move being attributed to the installation of the automated trading system, robust country’s economic growth as well as the continued deepening of the capital market.
At the same time, buoyed by robust trading, turnover rose to Sh631 million on a volume of 7.3 million shares, up from Sh569 million on 6.5 million shares that was posted during the previous trading session.
In yesterday's trading, the bourse recorded yet another milestone after the NSE hit the 6,000 mark settling at 6,026.51 up 64.05 points from the previous trading session.
This was a major milestone for the bourse with the move coming just a few months after the share index hit the historic 5,000 mark with the move being attributed to the installation of the automated trading system, robust country’s economic growth as well as the continued deepening of the capital market.
At the same time, buoyed by robust trading, turnover rose to Sh631 million on a volume of 7.3 million shares, up from Sh569 million on 6.5 million shares that was posted during the previous trading session.
2007 UPCOMING GREAT INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES
Kenya RE IPO
Dyer and Blair is the Lead Transaction advisor in the privatization of the Kenya RE Corporation. The Government of Kenya owns 100% of Kenya Re and intends to sell 40% of its shares. Kenya RE is undergoing a re-organization to reduce costs, improve processes and diversify its income stream. It made a profit of Kes: 461M in 2005 as compared to Kes: 452M previously. The IPO is slated for March 2007.
SAFARICOM: Kenya's most Profitable Company.
Having made a profit of over Sh. 12 billion last year, Safaricom is one of the fastest growing companies in Kenya and it’s riding higher. Safaricom valued at over Kshs: 200 Billion will offload at least 25% of its shareholding probably mid 2007.
Telcom Kenya
The government intend to sell about 34 per cent of its shares through an IPO around Sept 2007.
East African Portland Cement:
Lafarge and the Government to offload more shares to the public to reduce their holdings, and increase the total number of shares traded to the 25% required by CMA for listed companies.Lafarge holds 41.7% in EA Portland and 73% in Bamburi Cement. likely IPO is about end of the year.
Kengen:
The government plans to offload a further 19% to the public in June 2007. Around 400 Million shares reducing its stake to 51%.
FAMILY FINANCE BUILDING SOCIETY (BANK)
Soon to be Family Bank is one of the leading microfinance institutions in Kenya and is now offering 15,000,000 Million Share at Kes:60.00 per share (minimum of 500 shares). The share offer is by private placement and a subsequently IPO or like EQUITY BANK did. One need to be an account holder with family finance to be able to purchase the shares.
SAROVA GROUP
Owns a portifolio of profit making hotels chain in Eastern Africa.
Co-op Bank
Already selling their shares through private placement @100 per share
Profit making and available in many parts of the country.
(Other romoured IPO's include):
Sadolin paint-
Adopt-a-light-biggest outdoor advertiser in kenya, involved in road signing too.
Orion EA-sells agricultral chemicals in East Africa.
Triple A Capital-
More information will be provided about the above.
Dyer and Blair is the Lead Transaction advisor in the privatization of the Kenya RE Corporation. The Government of Kenya owns 100% of Kenya Re and intends to sell 40% of its shares. Kenya RE is undergoing a re-organization to reduce costs, improve processes and diversify its income stream. It made a profit of Kes: 461M in 2005 as compared to Kes: 452M previously. The IPO is slated for March 2007.
SAFARICOM: Kenya's most Profitable Company.
Having made a profit of over Sh. 12 billion last year, Safaricom is one of the fastest growing companies in Kenya and it’s riding higher. Safaricom valued at over Kshs: 200 Billion will offload at least 25% of its shareholding probably mid 2007.
Telcom Kenya
The government intend to sell about 34 per cent of its shares through an IPO around Sept 2007.
East African Portland Cement:
Lafarge and the Government to offload more shares to the public to reduce their holdings, and increase the total number of shares traded to the 25% required by CMA for listed companies.Lafarge holds 41.7% in EA Portland and 73% in Bamburi Cement. likely IPO is about end of the year.
Kengen:
The government plans to offload a further 19% to the public in June 2007. Around 400 Million shares reducing its stake to 51%.
FAMILY FINANCE BUILDING SOCIETY (BANK)
Soon to be Family Bank is one of the leading microfinance institutions in Kenya and is now offering 15,000,000 Million Share at Kes:60.00 per share (minimum of 500 shares). The share offer is by private placement and a subsequently IPO or like EQUITY BANK did. One need to be an account holder with family finance to be able to purchase the shares.
SAROVA GROUP
Owns a portifolio of profit making hotels chain in Eastern Africa.
Co-op Bank
Already selling their shares through private placement @100 per share
Profit making and available in many parts of the country.
(Other romoured IPO's include):
Sadolin paint-
Adopt-a-light-biggest outdoor advertiser in kenya, involved in road signing too.
Orion EA-sells agricultral chemicals in East Africa.
Triple A Capital-
More information will be provided about the above.
Labels:
Coop Bank,
EA Portland,
Family Finance,
IPO,
KenGen,
Kenya Re,
Safaricom,
TelecomKenya
EQUITY BANK: IMPRESSIVE SUCCESS STORY
Background
Equity Building Society was our first investment, in April 2003 when it was still a Building Society, and it continues to outperform expectations. It obtained a bank license in December, and converted all its assets and liabilities to the new entity - Equity Bank Limited (“EBL”). It now has the largest client base of any financial institution in Kenya, with 20% market share (based on number of clients), and plans further expansion.
While EBL is not a typical MFI, with a focus on attracting savings from new clients among the target market, and less emphasis on micro-lending per se, it has successfully developed a business model to provide financial services to the “un-banked” that carries important lessons for other aspiring MFIs elsewhere in Africa.
Growing the client base by attracting new deposit accounts with no minimum balance and clever marketing and client service, and then charging for a variety of banking services that these customers demand, means that EBL is able to reach break even point on a new client or new branch relatively quickly, and then slowly build the loan portfolio prudently.
Although T-Bill rates have increased in Kenya during the second half of the year, EBL has had to cope with a declining interest rate environment for most of the past 15 months. It has compensated for the drop in interest revenue with increased service fees, which now account for roughly 60% of total revenue, while remaining at or below the levels charged by the main banks.
2004 Highlights
The past year was full of changes and expansion:
The incumbent CEO retired and James Mwangi, previously CFO was appointed Managing Director mid year and soon implemented numerous management changes, in style and substance. The Board was closely involved with this management transition.
The cramped conditions at the old head office became unsustainable, and new premises were secured and the move implemented mid-year. The new space is more expensive, but is already contributing to improved staff morale and productivity.
Significant investments were made throughout the year in additional institutional capacity:
Staff increased from 350 to 550;
8 new senior managers were hired;
Credit policies and procedures were revamped and 20 new credit managers hired;
The IT platform received attention, a Wide Area Network was installed for branch communications, a centralized server and IT system developed, the MIS was enhanced, and evaluation started for a next generation MIS investment; and
New management systems and preparation for operating under a banking license were implemented.
6 new branches were opened, mostly within Central Province, thereby fuelling the client and deposit growth.
After reviewing various options in the fall of 2004 for converting to a bank, including acquiring a defunct bank, the decision was made to apply for a banking license and concurrently raise additional capital. The license was obtained on December 31 and over KSh 720 million (over $9 million) was raised from Kenyan investors.
EBL has maintained its profitability, despite declining interest rates through most of the period and higher operating expenses, and higher provisions. Preliminary unaudited results for 2004 show an increase in net income of about 45% to $ 1.9 million.
AfriCap’s investment
We invested Kenyan Shillings 120 million, @ KSh 60/share, for 16% of the company in April 2003. EBL has about 2,500 shareholders, widely held among Kenyans - clients, staff, and individual investors. AfriCap has been represented on the Board and has contributed actively to strategic discussions, to resolving management issues, and to the continued institutional strengthening of the senior management team.
The recent share issue mentioned above, at a price of KSh 134/share, demonstrates the increase in value of our investment. At that price the value of our initial investment has more than doubled in less than two years, to $3.4 million, representing an unrealized gain of $1.8 million.
TSF Program
Our contribution to the combined TA support from DFID, Swiss Contact, and MicroSave has continued, with a focus on institutional transformation. Priorities shifted somewhat following the departure of John Staley, the Operations Mgr funded by TSF, and consultants for Change Management and Bank conversion have been more active as those issues came to the fore in the second half of the year.
Equity Building Society was our first investment, in April 2003 when it was still a Building Society, and it continues to outperform expectations. It obtained a bank license in December, and converted all its assets and liabilities to the new entity - Equity Bank Limited (“EBL”). It now has the largest client base of any financial institution in Kenya, with 20% market share (based on number of clients), and plans further expansion.
While EBL is not a typical MFI, with a focus on attracting savings from new clients among the target market, and less emphasis on micro-lending per se, it has successfully developed a business model to provide financial services to the “un-banked” that carries important lessons for other aspiring MFIs elsewhere in Africa.
Growing the client base by attracting new deposit accounts with no minimum balance and clever marketing and client service, and then charging for a variety of banking services that these customers demand, means that EBL is able to reach break even point on a new client or new branch relatively quickly, and then slowly build the loan portfolio prudently.
Although T-Bill rates have increased in Kenya during the second half of the year, EBL has had to cope with a declining interest rate environment for most of the past 15 months. It has compensated for the drop in interest revenue with increased service fees, which now account for roughly 60% of total revenue, while remaining at or below the levels charged by the main banks.
2004 Highlights
The past year was full of changes and expansion:
The incumbent CEO retired and James Mwangi, previously CFO was appointed Managing Director mid year and soon implemented numerous management changes, in style and substance. The Board was closely involved with this management transition.
The cramped conditions at the old head office became unsustainable, and new premises were secured and the move implemented mid-year. The new space is more expensive, but is already contributing to improved staff morale and productivity.
Significant investments were made throughout the year in additional institutional capacity:
Staff increased from 350 to 550;
8 new senior managers were hired;
Credit policies and procedures were revamped and 20 new credit managers hired;
The IT platform received attention, a Wide Area Network was installed for branch communications, a centralized server and IT system developed, the MIS was enhanced, and evaluation started for a next generation MIS investment; and
New management systems and preparation for operating under a banking license were implemented.
6 new branches were opened, mostly within Central Province, thereby fuelling the client and deposit growth.
After reviewing various options in the fall of 2004 for converting to a bank, including acquiring a defunct bank, the decision was made to apply for a banking license and concurrently raise additional capital. The license was obtained on December 31 and over KSh 720 million (over $9 million) was raised from Kenyan investors.
EBL has maintained its profitability, despite declining interest rates through most of the period and higher operating expenses, and higher provisions. Preliminary unaudited results for 2004 show an increase in net income of about 45% to $ 1.9 million.
AfriCap’s investment
We invested Kenyan Shillings 120 million, @ KSh 60/share, for 16% of the company in April 2003. EBL has about 2,500 shareholders, widely held among Kenyans - clients, staff, and individual investors. AfriCap has been represented on the Board and has contributed actively to strategic discussions, to resolving management issues, and to the continued institutional strengthening of the senior management team.
The recent share issue mentioned above, at a price of KSh 134/share, demonstrates the increase in value of our investment. At that price the value of our initial investment has more than doubled in less than two years, to $3.4 million, representing an unrealized gain of $1.8 million.
TSF Program
Our contribution to the combined TA support from DFID, Swiss Contact, and MicroSave has continued, with a focus on institutional transformation. Priorities shifted somewhat following the departure of John Staley, the Operations Mgr funded by TSF, and consultants for Change Management and Bank conversion have been more active as those issues came to the fore in the second half of the year.
Saturday, January 06, 2007
KCIG and HM Revenue and Customs
The link below provides all the necessary information you need to know about running an investment club in the United Kingdom in relation to:
http://search2.openobjects.com/kbroker/inldrev/inldrev/kbsearch?sr=0&nh=20&cs=iso-8859-1&sc=ir&ha=7&mt=0&qt=investment+clubs
- Taxes
- The constitution
- Non-residency
- Declaration
http://search2.openobjects.com/kbroker/inldrev/inldrev/kbsearch?sr=0&nh=20&cs=iso-8859-1&sc=ir&ha=7&mt=0&qt=investment+clubs
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